基于多智能体技术的能源系统供应链设计
摘 要
能源是支撑大型钢铁企业最重要的因素之一,是企业运行中最敏感的部分,企业能源管理的优劣直接影响着企业的生产效益。目前钢铁企业典型的能源管理机制是通过能源部集中统管全厂的能源配送;厂内的各个生产或供销单位都是由能源部下达能源发送或接收指令,然后依照指令所规定的内容、数量和时间进行能源的交接。实践证明,这种集中式的能源管理模式严重影响着各个生产实体的积极性,造成了整个企业运作效率的低下。一方面,企业能源部本身信息集成和宏观决策能力有限,无法兼顾全厂各个用户的不同要求;另一方面,下级单位既无法将现场的供需信息返回给能源部,也无法从能源部得到全局信息,只能被动执行上级的指令,极大的遏制了下级单位的主动性。因此,为了提高能源管理的效率,使企业内部的各个生产实体能够相互通信,共享需求信息,及时的响应市场的供应要求,减少在集中管理下产生的效率低下,本文提出了在钢铁企业内部建立能源供应链的思想。 本文第一部分首先介绍了宝钢目前能源管理的现状,然后以在宝钢能源部实施的宝钢能源运行分析管理系统项目为背景,介绍了该项目为提高能源管理效率所制定的建设目标,并阐述了该项目相应的建设背景、设计思想和系统组成。对于本人所负责的报表及图表/曲线子系统,本文主要从软件层次角度出发,分别介绍了EMS数据库、ESEOS数据库、PB客户端、EXCEL VBA客户端和用户等各个层次的模块功能和接口,并讨论了在该子系统中采用的一些关键性的或创新性的技术。 本文在第二部分正式提出了在钢铁企业内部建立能源供应链的要求,并首先论述了采用多智能体作为供应链实现技术和采用Petri网作为供应链建模和描述工具的原因,然后根据所划分的能源供应链多智能体结构的三个层次,分别讨论了智能体技术在各个层次的实现。在分析上两层结构中,提出了创立由中介智能体、接口智能体、数据库监控智能体、优化智能体和控制策略智能体组成的多智能体结构,并用面向对象的类定义具体描述了各个智能体的属性和操作。Petri网作为离散事件建模工具被用来描述各个智能体所包含的状态集和各种状态的触发条件和结果,这些状态集实际上定义了智能体之间进行交互的规则。在分析底层能源物流层中,通过定义会话类建立了在无集中通信体支持下的智能体之间的新的交互方式,并用Petri网描述了单个智能体在交互时的状态转换模型。最后,将各个智能体的会话类连接起来,采用库所融合技术得到整个工作流层的Petri网模型;通过求解该Petri网的P不变量、可达图和标识矩阵,分析了Petri网的安全性、活性和死锁等网络性质,从而验证了整合后基于智能体的供应链模型仍然是有效的。
关键字:智能体,供应链,Petri网,能源管理系统,能源运行分析管理系统 ENERGY SYSTEM SUPPLY CHAIN DESIGN BASED ON MULTI-AGENT
ABSTRACT
Energy is one of the most important elements in supporting the great steel enterprise. The quality of the energy management directly impacts profits gained by enterprise. Currently, the classic energy management method lies on centralization. Namely, the energy depart无忧论文 【http://www.uklunwen.com】ment holds the whole power of the energy distribution. Every unit in enterprise should receives order from energy department, then does the transaction according the order. It proves to be very inefficient and greatly impairs the enthusiasm of units. On the one hand, the information processing ability is limited in energy department, which can’t cover the different quest from the different customer; on the other hand, the sub-units can neither give the marketing feedback to energy department, nor get the information of overall situation. As a result, the initiative of the sub-units is suppressed. In order to improve the quality of energy management, this paper proposes an energy supply chain construction inside the steel enterprise. Within this supply chain, every unit can share the marketing information with other units, and so can response the market fluctuation quickly. The whole efficiency of the enterprise can also be largely improved by this new inside supply chain. In the first part of this paper, the current energy management status in Bao Steel is introduced. Based on this background, we introduce the ESEOS project, which was just implemented. During the introduction of ESEOS, the main focuses are on construction background, design objective, system structure, and component functions. As to the report sub-system for which I am responsible, this paper detailed discusses five software layers, including EMS database, ESEOS database, PB client programming, Excel VBA cl |
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