comparatively great differences in other aspects owing to the cultural, historical and traditional differences of different nations. This essay, by studying the euphemism in view of contrastive linguistic of English and Chinese , tries to show the identity of human being language and the difference of national language in addition to showing the pragmatic difference of English and Chinese. From communicative angle, euphemism shows indirect speech action and has strong communicative function. Euphemisms as a kind of linguistic phenomenon, has its unique original and formation, and principles. As a cultural phenomenon, euphemism reflects different customs and social psychology between China and western countries.
In the long period of evolution and practice, human beings have been perceiving and remaking the objective world, and in the meantime they have been establishing and developing their own languages and cultures, thus forming various language patterns and cultural communities. The language patterns and cultural communities of different peoples differ from, interlock and overlap one another. The same is true of taboo and its other face euphemism.
Previously, Chinese scholars studied euphemism mainly in the perspective of rhetoric, which broadened the concept of euphemism to the level of sentence and discourse, thus breaking the limitation of euphemism study to the lexicon on the part of Western scholars. So euphemism can be defined on two levels: euphemism in the narro无忧论文 【http://www.uklunwen.com】w sense and euphemism in the broad sense. The former refers to euphemisms restricted to the lexical level; the latter refers to euphemisms both on the lexical level and on the non-lexical level (for instance, sentence, discourse, etc.). In the aspect of classification, euphemisms are divided into various types by British and American scholars according to different norms. In term of whether the things that are expressed are connected with taboo items or not. Euphemisms can be classed into two kinds; traditional euphemisms and stylistic euphemisms; euphemisms can be grouped into conscious and unconscious ones according to whether their original motivations are remembered or not; in the light of whether they last or not, euphemisms can be separated into nonce euphemisms and sustained euphemisms; in line with the content concerned, euphemisms may be divided into death euphemisms, sex euphemisms, occupation euphemisms, etc. in a word, different norms can bring about different kinds of euphemism. In contrast, Chinese scholars do not classify euphemisms in such a detailed way. They just simply divide them into two types----general or public euphemisms and individual euphemisms, or into such group as a avoid-the-personal-name euphemisms, avoid-bad-luck euphemisms, death euphemism, avoid-shame euphemism, avoid-dirtiness euphoniums, etc.
Language is a social, and a psychological product as will. Although they differ politically, economically, or culturally, different peoples share i |
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