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摘 要
指纹因其唯一性和终生不变性成为目前最可靠的生物识别技术的研究对象。自动指纹识别系统，在很多领域得到了广泛的运用。例如ID card、电子商务、自动银行等等。
本文主要讲述指纹图像预处理技术在验证式身份鉴定中的作用。指纹图像预处理由指纹图像规格化、方向图的计算、滤波图像、脊线提取及其去噪、细化与去噪等几个部分组成。本文的侧重点是指纹图像的增强算法，文中介绍了以下几种增强算法：（1）增强对比度；（2）动态范围压缩；（3）直方图均衡化；（4）直方图规定化；（5）图像间的代数运算；（6）基于Gabor滤波的指纹增强算法。指纹图像增强的目的是便于后面的脊线提取，细化，去噪，特征匹配等工作。另外，通过Matlab语言编程实现了指纹图像的各种增强算法，并对这些算法进行了性能评估。经过比较，发现基于Gabor滤波的指纹图像增强算法使用范围较为广泛，效果较好。实验表明，本文提出的指纹图像增强算法对模糊，缺损的指纹图像有较好的增强效果。
关键词： 指纹增强，Gabor滤波，细化，生物识别，预处理，特征匹配
Abstract
Fingerprint is the most reliable research object for its uniqueness and permanence. Automatic fingerprint verification (identification) system is applied in a wide range of application domains such as national ID card, electronic commerce, and automated banking.
In this paper, we mostly tell of the usage of pretreatment technique in validate identify system. Fingerprint preprocess includes image normalizing, orientation estimation, orientation smooth, ridge extraction, ridge removed noise, thinning and removed noise. Emphasize particularly on the enhancement arithmetic of the fingerprint. We have introduced five methods of fingerprint enhancement like:(1) buildup the contrast;(2) compress the dynamic bound;(3) equalize the image;(4) stimulate the image;(5) a fingerprint enhancement method based on Gabor filter. The purpose of the fingerprint enhancement is easy for ridge extraction, thinning, removed noise, character matching after. We have realized these enhancement methods using Matlab, and evaluated 无忧论文 【http://www.uklunwen.com】the capabilities of them. We found that the fifth one is more abroad in using range and it had a better effect. The experiment indicated that these fingerprint enhancement methods which were introduced in this paper, could amend the mistiness fingerprint with a good impact.
Keywords：Fingerprint enhancement, Gabor filter, Thinning, Biological recognition，Pretreatment，Character matching.
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