有限责任公司僵局的司法救济
内容摘要：
我国新《公司法》的颁行，为投资人创设公司营造了宽松的法律环境，加之有限责任公司所具有的独特的优越性和我国现有的经济资源，有限责任公司将成为人们投资创业的首选，其数目也会倍增。但随之而来的将是公司僵局纠纷的日益增多。
公司僵局的危害很大，有时甚或是灾难性的。在公司僵局状态下，公司决策和管理机制陷入彻底瘫痪，不仅使得公司的正常经营受损、股东权益无法实现、债权人的利益受到危害，而且对于市场经济的安全、社会秩序的稳定都造成冲击，使得社会经济的发展受到损害，因此有必要对其予以救济。公司僵局的救济方式多种多样，但本文只论及司法救济之一途，无涉其他。
本文遵循提出问题、研究问题、解决问题这一简洁明了的常用的研究思路和方法，对司法权介入有限责任公司僵局的问题进行了较深入的探讨。了解研究对象当是研究的第一步，故本文的第一部分首先对有限责任公司僵局的基本理论问题作了一番探析，分别对有限责任公司僵局的法律涵义、性质、形成原因作了分析，在此基础上，对其进行类分并指出危害性。理论的支撑起着基础性的作用。本文的第二部分对司法介入公司僵局的理论基础作了必要的说明，认为公司社会责任理论和权利救济理论等从不同的角度为司法介入公司僵局的合理性与必要性作了理论支撑。本文的第三部分介绍了西方发达国家司法介入公司僵局的主要方式，大体可分为两种:一种是司法强制解散;另一种是第三方替代性司法救济，因其以保全公司的营运价值为取向，故更受人欢迎。一种制度的确立必然有其存在的意义和价值;确立公司僵局的司法介入制度，亦当有重大的制度价值。本文的第四部分从实体法和程序法，分析了我国现有立法关于公司僵局司法救济存在的缺陷为此，本文第五部分完善我国公司僵局的司法救济制度的实体救济措施的适用与司法程序的设计提出了完善建议。文末进行了总结，提出笔者对公司僵局的一点认识和思考。
关键字：有限责任公司 公司僵局 司法救济 司法解散
Abstract
With the enactment of the new "Company Law" in China which creates a favorable legal environment for the creation of the company, the unique advantages of the limited liability company and China's financial resources, the limited liability company will become the first choice for business investment and its number will be doubled. However, the prosperity of the limited liability company is followed by a growing number of corporation dead lock.
Corporation deadlock is enormously harmful and even disastrous. It paralyses the operation of making police and management, which not only makes the company 'snormal operation impossible, wane无忧论文 【http://www.uklunwen.com】s the interests of the shareholders and creditors, but also impacts the safety of the market economy and the stability of society. Subsequently, it will curb the socio-economic development. As a result, it's necessary that corporation deadlock be given relief. There are many ways of relief, but this paper expounds on judicial relief.
Following a concise and common thinking way of "asking questions, studying, resolving problems", this paper studies the issue of the judicial power's intervention in corporation deadlock in detail. To understand what to study is the first step, so analysis of the basic theory of corporation deadlock is made in the first chapter. This chapter introduces the legal definition of deadlock, summarizes a series of characteristics of deadlock, discusses the nature of deadlock, analyses the reason why deadlock emerges, classifies deadlocks according to different standards, and points out that the corporate deadlock can do great harm to shareholders, to the corporation and to the whole society. The support of theory plays a fundamental role. Therefore, the second chapter indicates to interpreting the theoretical basis for judicial intervention in corporation deadlock. This chapter mainly introduces the rationales behind breaking the corporation deadlock overseas, such as the contract theory of corporation, the theory of fails of anticipation benefits, shareholders trust obligations theory, theory of corporate social responsibility and relief rights t |
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