On English Reading Teaching Viewed from the Essence of Reading Process

【Abstract】 Reading is the major activity in English curriculum. Modern research on reading has found the reading process active, individualized and complicated. Efficient and effective readers use both top-down and bottom-up strategies operating interactively to aid comprehension. Interactive model and Schema theory emphasize building background knowledge in the pre-reading phase, teaching cognitive skills while reading, de-emphasizing oral reading and using cloze to teach reading. Therefore, the article recommends holistic reading instruction, reader-generated questions, encouragement of the automaticity of word recognition and careful selection of reading materials.
【Key word】 English reading; Schema; interactive; process; model

从阅读过程的本质看英语阅读教学

【摘 要】 阅读能力的培养是英语教学中重要的一环。现代英语教学法认为英语阅读不是被动地接受信息，而是主动化、个人化、而且复杂化的过程。阅读能力强的人，不仅用“自下而上”的技巧去了解文章里的单词与句子，也善于用自身所具备的知识与经验，“自上而下”地推理、预测、并分析文章。相互作用模式和图式理论强调：阅读要建立背景知识，阅读中要训练推测、分析等认知技巧。因此，本文建议：注重整体性的阅读教学，鼓励学生主动认识单词，让学生读完文章后自己提出问题以及谨慎挑选阅读材料。
【关键词】 英语阅读；图式；相互作用；过程；模式

1. Introduction
Reading skill is clearly one of the most important skills, in fact, in many instances around the world we may argue that reading is the most important foreign language skill, particularly in cases where learners have to read English无忧论文 【http://www.uklunwen.com】 material for their own specialist subject. In the case of education in China, the teaching of English is a major classroom activity not only because it is easier for non-English-speaking teachers to supply an English written text to be read than a spoken one to be understood, but because only reading skill plus a small amount of writing skill is required in the entrance exam which most learners wish to pass. That’s why this paper reviews articles on the research of theoretical and pedagogical issues in reading, hoping to get some inspiration and integrate it effectively into the English reading teaching.
The reading process has famously been described as a "psycholinguistic guessing game"[1] P142 in which efficient readers minimize dependence on visual detail by utilizing background knowledge to make predictions and check these against the text. In this paper, based on the analysis of Schema Theory, the paper will explore its origin, theory and guidance of schema, in the hope of providing some hints to the improvement of teaching and learning.
The paper begins this essay by showing the teaching problems in reading. In the second part of the essay the paper reviews some significant pedagogical and theoretical issues in reading, including Bottom-up Model, Top-down Model and Interactive Model. Then, the Schema Theory is introduced to suggest or accept that something is true so that it can be used as the basis for an argument or discussion and the methods of reading teachi